锲而不舍，金石可镂。经过在DBA的课程学习与实践，2023年5月5日，DBA三期班同学、广东宏大控股集团股份有限公司董事长郑炳旭迎来了他的最终答辩时刻。郑炳旭同学在答辩现场阐述了《矿业服务外包的驱动力：来自中国的证据》，成果丰硕，最终顺利通过答辩。恭喜郑炳旭同学，让我们一起回顾他的高光时刻。

企业家学者项目（DBA）整合全球优质教育资源，打造极具前沿性和系统性课程，在框架模块、聚焦模块、专题研究+实践课堂这三大核心课程中，涵盖2大金融主题与4大微观主题，探索6大宏观方向，定制化行业专题，走访行业内领军企业。郑炳旭同学正是在理论与实践的碰撞中，收获了应对新商业文明下新问题与新挑战的能力。“理解 - 判断 - 实践 - 引领”的DBA学习之旅，让他在企业家学者项目中历经了新商业文明的一次次洗礼，完成了跨越式的思想“突围”。 

 

本次论文答辩，来自bat365在线官网登录和新加坡管理大学（SMU）的教授们共同见证了郑炳旭同学的学术成果。

Adam TATARYNOWICZ

Associate Professor of Strategic Management,SMU

Aimin YAN

Professor of Management,CKGSB

Denis LEUNG

Professor of Statistics,SMU

郑炳旭 |矿业服务外包的驱动力：来自中国的证据

郑炳旭同学答辩中

 

▇ 论文摘要：

采矿企业的服务外包已经成为全球性的重要趋势。经典研究已经指出，服务外包有助于企业获得专业服务，并由此提高生产率，并削减生产成本。然而，作为转型期经济体，中国在服务外包的驱动力方面具有自己的独特特征。利用1家采矿服务外包商和5家采矿企业的访谈和档案资料，本研究通过案例研究方法构建理论，识别采矿企业选择服务外包的驱动力和作用机制，并利用框图画出了变量之间的逻辑关系。

案例研究结果发现：

（1）通过服务外包，采矿企业可以获得专业的人员、技术和管理，并进一步降低采矿企业的经济成本，实现轻资产运营，由此进一步驱动采矿企业选择服务外包。

（2）由外包服务商带来的专业服务，包括专业的人员、技术和管理有助于降低安全风险。而且，服务外包还有助于转嫁采矿企业的安全生产风险转嫁，也在一定程度上规避了采矿企业高管的政治风险，由此促使采矿企业选择服务外包。

（3）采矿企业选择服务外包存在所有权上的异质性特征，即私有企业更关注由服务外包带来的降低经济成本效应，而国有企业则更关注规避政治责任。

在履行社会责任已经被纳入企业战略层面进行管理时代，私营采矿企业有待加大对安全生产等长期利益的关注。同时，受委托—代理问题的影响，中国的国有采矿企业的经济驱动力不足，进而采矿企业选择服务外包可能是高管们将本来由个体承担的政治风险转嫁出去的渠道。那么，在转型期的中国，采矿企业的服务外包后面的利益转换机制是复杂的，其中内含企业将承担的管理成本转换为市场成本，也包括企业高管将本人要承担的政治风险转嫁为外包企业的经济成本。此外，本研究表明，在生产环节的内部化还是外部化之间，不仅仅存在交易成本的高低问题，还存在不同类别成本的转换。

从实践的角度来看，监管机构不应该将采矿企业出现安全生产事故归咎于服务外包，并粗暴地以禁代管，而应该鼓励有资质、有能力的服务外包商的发展。与此同时，考虑到服务外包也是采矿企业高管转嫁政治风险的渠道，因此监管机构还有必要更为精细地界定业主方和外包方的责任分配。站在外包服务商的角度，企业一方面需要通过技术创新提升生产效率，另一方面也需要通过完善激励机制提升服务灵活性。

答辩现场

 

▇ ABSTRACT：

Outsourcing of mining services has become a global trend. Classic studies have demonstrated that outsourcing can help enterprises obtain professional services, reducing production costs and improving productivity. As a transitional economy, China has its own unique characteristics when it comes to service outsourcing. Using a case study method and five mining enterprises' interviews and archival data, this study constructs a theory to identify the driving forces and mechanisms behind mining enterprises' outsourcing decisions, and a logic relationship between variables.

The case study results reveal that 

(1) through outsourcing, mining enterprises can obtain professional personnel, technology and management and further reduce their economic costs to achieve light asset operation, thereby further driving mining enterprises' choice of service outsourcing. 

(2) The professional services provided by outsourcing providers, including professional personnel, technology and management, can help reduce security risks. In addition, outsourcing can also help transfer the safety production risk of mining enterprises to a certain extent and avoid the political risks of mining enterprises' senior executives, thereby prompting mining enterprises to choose outsourcing services. 

(3) The choice of service outsourcing by mining enterprises has heterogeneous characteristics in terms of ownership, i.e. private enterprises are more concerned about the cost-reducing effect brought by outsourcing services, while state-owned enterprises are more concerned about avoiding political responsibility.

郑炳旭同学在长江DBA活动中

Now that social responsibility has been incorporated into enterprise strategy, private mining enterprises should pay more attention to long-term interests such as safety production. Furthermore, the principal-agent problem impacts the economic driving force of China's state-owned mining enterprises, and outsourcing may be a channel for senior executives to transfer the political risks they originally owed. Thus, in China's transitional period, mining enterprises' service outsourcing involves complex benefit conversion mechanisms, including converting enterprise management costs into market costs and transferring political risks from executives to outsourcing companies. The study also demonstrates that different types of costs must be converted between internalization and externalization of the production links.

Practically, regulatory authorities should not blame outsourcing services for the safety production accidents at mining enterprises, but rather encourage the development of qualified and capable outsourcing providers. Furthermore, since outsourcing is also a channel for senior executives of mining enterprises to transfer political risks, regulatory authorities should more precisely define the responsibilities of the contracting parties. From the perspective of outsourcing providers, enterprises must improve production efficiency through technological innovation. Meanwhile, they need to perfect incentive mechanisms to improve service flexibility.

合影

论文答辩圆满结束，但作为终身学习者，这是郑炳旭同学的又一个起点。未来，他将带着对中西方管理学理论的认知与思考，继续践行新商业文明；用独到的洞见不断为中国经济注入新动力，引领行业的发展方向。